They perform “Krishna Leela” on birthdays, “ Girija Kalyana” on wedding days and “ Swargarohana” when a death takes place. The themes depend on the occasions for which the Puppeteers are invited. The music is provided by rubbing a reed on the back of a bell-metal dish, a mukha-veena or a harmonium. Traditional forms of puppetry found in West Bengal are rod (Dang). The headman, his wife and children, gives the male, female, and children voices respectively. There are references to puppetry in the medieval folk ballads of undivided Bengal. The core of the performance is enacted during which detailed and dramatically prolonged episodes from Ramayana, Mahabharata, stories from Puranas and the Devi scriptures are presented. They attract the audience by observations, gestures, jokes and comments on village affairs. In order to announce that the show is about to commence a pair of buffoons Silekyatha and his hilarious wife, Bangarakka makes an appearance on the screen. The performance is commenced with an invocation to Lord Ganesha and Saraswati. In Karnataka, the glove puppets are known as ‘Chinni Patti’.ĭuring a puppetry performance in a village, a rectangular stage is set up by using split bamboo and woolen blankets (Kambli). The glove puppet shows on the theme of two women, ‘Gulabo’ and ‘Sitabo’ are very popular in Lucknow. The glove puppets of Bengal are known as ‘Bener Putul’ and the art is practised by members of the ‘Kahar’ tribes. In Tamil Nadu also the performance of glove puppetry is described as ‘Pavakoothu’. The themes of this theatre are mainly Radha-Krishna stories and episodes from the Ramayana. Their performance is known as ‘Pava Kathakali’ or ‘Pavakoothu’. The glove puppets of Kerala are more ornate, colourful and resemble the actors on the Kathakali stage in their make-up and costume. The glove puppets in Orissa are referred as ‘ Sakhi Kundhei’ and the performance is called Gopa Lila Kundhei or Kundhei Nacha. The puppeteer narrates his story in verse or prose, while the puppets provide the visual treat. These puppets are worn on the hand and the puppeteer manipulates their heads and arms with his fingers. The glove puppets are found mainly in Odisha, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, parts of Uttar Pradesh and the southern part of West Bengal. There are four basic kinds of puppets – glove, string, rod and shadow.
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